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Why should I choose a 3×3 Access Point over a 2×2 Access Point?
In October, Pakedge announced the release of its WX line of 3 x3 802.11 ac wireless access points (AP) designed for high-end residential and commercial applications. At the CEDIA Expo in mid October, we previewed the WK-2, a 3×3 version of our popular 802.11ac WK-1 AP. Tuneskit audio capture 1 0 4 2. Monodraw 1 45. The WK-2 will be released early December.
If a WiFi signal is still weak, you might want to put the router in a higher spot. Another thing to consider is a possible interference. A WiFi signal strength app like NetSpot will help you see which channels are mostly occupied by the surrounding wireless networks, so you can switch your network to the least used one. Jul 06, 2019 Wi-Fi signal strength depends on a variety of factors, such as how far you are from the router, whether it’s a 2.4 or 5ghz connection, and even the materials of the walls around you. The closer you are to the router, the better. Some other routers have two separate Wi-Fi networks (one for the 2.4 GHz band and another for the 5 GHz band), which require you to manually connect to the band you want. Every wireless device is different and has its own rules (factoring in signal strength, congestion, etc.) to select the best band. Last Updated on August 7, 2020 by admin. WiFi Signal is a system menu bar application that provides easy access to your Wi-Fi connection details (name, channel, transmit rate, signal strength, noise, etc.), monitors the signal quality of your wireless network, and can find and recommend alternative channels for your network thus avoiding signal overlapping and channel conflicts that can result.
What does 3×3 mean?
It is common to see AP product descriptions with 2×2 or 3×3. The first number is the number of transmit antennas while the second number refers to the number of receive antennas. For example, our WX-1 AP is 3×3, which means that it has 3 transmit antennas and 3 receive antennas.
Sometimes you will see a third number at the end preceded by a colon (e.g. 3×3:3). The last number refers to the number of spatial streams – the number of independent wireless data transmissions that are sent over the antennas on the same channel. These spatial streams are fundamental to MIMO (multiple input, multiple output) antenna technology which takes multiple copies of the same data signal and transmits them through physically distinct paths to a receiver which recombines the signal from the various streams. In the example of our WX-1, which is a 3×3:3 WAP, it is capable of transmitting and receiving 3 simultaneous streams of information on a single channel.
In both cases, the numbers should not be confused with the number of radios inside the WAP. There are two radios – one for the 2.4 GHz transmissions, and one for the 5 GHz transmissions.
How does a 3×3 AP provide more performance than a 2×2 AP?
All things equal, you can expect more performance from a 3×3 AP than a 2×2 for several reasons. First, for a 802.11ac AP, a 3×3 AP provides a maximum throughput is 1.3 Gbps (3 x 433 Mbps) versus 867 Mbps (2 x 433 Mbps) for a 2 x 2. Note that the maximum speeds are used for reference purposes. In real life applications, the actual throughputs observed are significantly less due to attenuation, and other factors.
Second, the increase in the number of antennas help improve signal link quality and reliability through a technique called spatial diversity. Because the antennas are physically separated from each other, each antenna sees a slightly different copy of the signal. The signal seen by one antenna may be slightly imperfect in one area of the transmission while the other antenna may see it perfectly. This is especially significant in environments where the RF environment is less than ideal due to site geometry, building materials, and interference.
Our resellers have said that they’ve seen performance gains of anywhere from 10 to 30% in the field.
How would a 3×3 make a performance difference if the client device is a 1×1?
The performance benefits are clear when you have a 3×3 AP paired with a 3×3 client device like an Apple MacBook Pro, but what about a 1×1:1 device like the Apple iPhone? In this case, there are no MIMO gains from the additional spatial streams. However, there are still performance improvements to be had with a 3×3 AP versus a 2×2 AP.
The first improvement occurs on the AP side through a technique called Space Time Block Coding. Since the 3 x 3 AP knows that it is only transmitting to a 1×1 client, it uses the leftover antenna chains to break up and transmit blocks of data to ensure that the client device can reconstruct the original signal even if parts of some streams get lost during transmission.
The second improvement occurs at the AP end. Even though a 1×1 client can only send 1 stream, that single stream bounces off walls, furniture, and other objects to arrive at the AP’s three receiving antennas as separate signals. The AP uses the same signal recombination algorithm (discussed earlier – called MRC) to take the signal received on each antenna chain and piece together the original data signal by combining the strongest segments from each chain.
Based on our testing with the 3×3:3 WX-1 paired to a 1×1:1 device in a real world environment, we observed a 14 to 34% throughput improvement when these features were enabled.
![Signal Signal](https://static.macupdate.com/products/43454/m/wifi-signal-logo.png?v=1572421124)
Digital wireless camera
Wireless security cameras are closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras that transmit a video and audio signal to a wireless receiver through a radio band. Many wireless security cameras require at least one cable or wire for power; 'wireless' refers to the transmission of video/audio. However, some wireless security cameras are battery-powered, making the cameras truly wireless from top to bottom.
Wireless cameras are proving very popular among modern security consumers due to their low installation costs (there is no need to run expensive video extension cables) and flexible mounting options; wireless cameras can be mounted/installed in locations previously unavailable to standard wired cameras. In addition to the ease of use and convenience of access, wireless security camera allows users to leverage broadband wireless internet to provide seamless video streaming over-internet.
Types[edit]
Analog wireless[edit]
Analog wireless is the transmission of audio and video signals using radio frequencies. Typically, analog wireless has a transmission range of around 300 feet (91 meters) in open space; walls, doors, and furniture will reduce this range.
Analog wireless is found in three frequencies: 900 MHz, 2.4 GHz, and 5.8 GHz. Currently, the majority of wireless security cameras operate on the 2.4 GHz frequency. Most household routers, cordless phones, video game controllers, and microwaves operate on the 2.4 GHz frequency and may cause interference with a wireless security camera. The main difference between 2.4 and 5 GHz frequencies is range.[1] 900 MHz is known for its ability to penetrate through barriers like walls and vegetation.[full citation needed][2]
Advantages:[edit]
- Cost effective: the cost of individual cameras is low
- Multiple receivers per camera: the signal from one camera can be picked up by any receiver; you can have multiple receivers in various locations to create your wireless surveillance network
Disadvantages:[edit]
- Susceptible to interference from other household devices, such as microwaves, cordless phones, video game controllers, and routers.
- No signal strength indicator: there is no visual alert (like the bars on a cellular phone) indicating the strength of your signal.
- Susceptible to interception: because analog wireless uses a consistent frequency, it is possible for the signals to be picked up by other receivers.
- One-way communication only: it is not possible for the receiver to send signals back to the camera.
Digital wireless cameras[edit]
Digital wireless is the transmission of audio and video analog signals encoded as digital packets over high-bandwidth radio frequencies.
Advantages:[edit]
- Wide transmission range—usually close to 450 feet (open space, clear line of sight between camera and receiver)[3]
- High quality video and audio
- Two-way communication between the camera and the receiver
- Digital signal means you can transmit commands and functions, such as turning lights on and off[4]
- You can connect multiple receivers to one recording device, such as security DVR[5]
Uses and applications[edit]
Wireless Security Cameras in a Warehouse.
Home security systems[edit]
Wireless security cameras are becoming more and more popular in the consumer market, being a cost-effective way to have a comprehensive surveillance system installed in a home or business for an often less expensive price. Wireless cameras are also ideal for people renting homes or apartments. Since there is no need to run video extension cables through walls or ceilings (from the camera to the receiver or recording device) one does not need approval of a landlord to install a wireless security camera system. Additionally, the lack of wiring allows for less mess, avoiding damage to the look of a building.
A wireless security camera is also a great option for seasonal monitoring and surveillance. For example, one can observe a pool or patio.
Barn Cameras[edit]
Wireless cameras are also very useful for monitoring outbuildings as wireless signals can be sent from one building to another where it is not possible to run wires due to roads or other obstructions. One common use of these is for watching animals in a barn from a house located on the same property. One such example of this can be seen in this story of one of the first BarnCam in the New York Times.[6]
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Law enforcement[edit]
Wireless security cameras are also used by law enforcement agencies to deter crimes. The cameras can be installed in many remote locations and the video data is transmitted through government-only wireless network. An example of this application is the deployment of hundreds of wireless security cameras by New York City Police Department on lamp posts at many streets throughout the city.[7]
Wireless range[edit]
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Wireless security cameras function best when there is a clear line of sight between the camera(s) and the receiver. If digital wireless cameras are outdoors and have a clear line of sight, they typically have a range between 250 and 450 feet. If located indoors, the range can be limited to 100 to 150 feet. Cubical walls, drywall, glass, and windows generally do not degrade wireless signal strength. Brick, concrete floors, and walls degrade signal strength. Trees that are in the line of sight of the wireless camera and receiver may also impact signal strength.
The signal range also depends on whether there are competing signals using the same frequency as the camera. For example, signals from cordless phones or routers may affect signal strength. When this happens, the camera image may freeze, or appear 'choppy'. Typically, the solution is to lock the channel that the wireless router operates on.
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See also[edit]
References[edit]
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- ^'What is the difference between 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz?'. Stuff Fibre. Retrieved 2020-02-11.
- ^EST, digitaldoc77Friday Jan 06 2017 16:00. 'Wireless Basics: Understanding 900 MHz'. DSL Reports. Retrieved 2020-02-11.
- ^'Digital Wireless Cameras: Frequently Asked Questions | Lorex'. www.lorextechnology.com. Retrieved 2020-02-11.
- ^'StackPath'. www.powerelectronics.com. Retrieved 2020-02-11.
- ^'Choosing a Recording System for Your Security Cameras • NSSF'. NSSF. 2017-03-01. Retrieved 2020-02-11.
- ^Thiel, Bill (31 January 2002). 'Online Dairy'. New York Times. The New York Times.
- ^Hays, Tom (16 April 2006). 'NYPD deploys first of 500 security cameras'. USA Today. The Associated Press. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
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